Mogadiscio

"Mogadiscio (en somalí, Muqdisho; en árabe, Maqadsh) es una ciudad del sureste de Somalia, capital del país y de la región de Benadir. Es la principal ciudad de Somalia. Está situada en la costa del Océano Índico. La grafía española de su nombre reproduce la italiana, por lo que debe pronunciarse «Mogadisho». Se localiza muy cerca del ecuador terrestre, pero aun así posee un clima muy árido, con escasas lluvias, además el mar apenas modera las temperaturas, que resultan muy altas con veranos muy cálidos. La ciudad capital alberga muchas instituciones importantes del país, como el Gobierno y el Parlamento Federal de Somalia, los cuales sirven como la rama legislativa del gobierno. El puerto de Mogadiscio sirve como un importante puerto marítimo nacional y es el puerto más grande del país. El Aeropuerto Internacional Aden Adde es el principal aeropuerto de la capital, y es el centro de la línea aérea nacional relanzada Somali Airlines. La autoridad de Mogadiscio sobre el resto del país desde 1990 es simbólica, porque tanto la ciudad como el resto de Somalia están divididos en zonas de influencias dirigidas por clanes."

"Mogadishu (/mdiu/; Somali: Muqdisho; Arabic: Maqadsh), known locally as Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia. Located in the coastal Banaadir region on the Indian Ocean, the city has served as an important port for millennia. As of 2015, it had a population of 2,120,000 residents. Tradition and old records assert that southern Somalia, including the Mogadishu area, was historically inhabited by hunter-gatherers. These were later joined by Cushitic agro-pastoralists, who would go on to establish local aristocracies. During its medieval Golden Age, Mogadishu was ruled by the Muzaffar dynasty, a vassal of the Ajuran Sultanate. It subsequently fell under the control of an assortment of local Sultanates and polities, most notably the Geledi Sultanate. The city later became the capital of Italian Somaliland (1889-1936) in the colonial period. After the Somali Republic became independent in 1960, Mogadishu became known and promoted as the White Pearl of the Indian Ocean. After the ousting of the Siad Barre regime in 1991 and the ensuing civil war, various militias fought for control of the city, later to be replaced by the Islamic Courts Union in the mid-2000s. The ICU thereafter splintered into more radical groups, notably Al-Shabaab, which fought the Transitional Federal Government (2004-2012) and its AMISOM allies. With a change in administration in late 2010, government troops and their military partners had succeeded in forcing out Al-Shabaab by August 2011. Mogadishu has subsequently experienced a period of intense reconstruction. As Somalia's capital city, many important national institutions are based in Mogadishu. It is the seat of the Federal Government of Somalia established in August 2012, with the Somalia Federal Parliament serving as the government's legislative branch. Yusuf Hussein Jimaale has been the Mayor of Mogadishu since October 2015. Villa Somalia is the official residential palace and principal workplace of the President of Somalia, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. In May 2012, the First Somali Bank was established in the capital, which organized Mogadishu's first ever Technology, Entertainment, Design (TEDx) conference. The establishment of a local construction yard has also galvanized the city's real-estate sector. Arba'a Rukun Mosque is one of the oldest Islamic places of worship in the capital, built circa 667 (1268/9 AD). The Mosque of Islamic Solidarity in Mogadishu is the largest masjid in the Horn region. Mogadishu Cathedral was built in 1928 by the colonial authorities in Italian Somaliland in a Norman Gothic style, and served as the traditional seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mogadiscio. The National Museum of Somalia is based in Mogadishu and holds many culturally important artefacts. The National Library of Somalia is undergoing a