Túnez

"Túnez, cuyo nombre oficial es República Tunecina (en árabe: (el-Jomhriya it-Tnisiya), en francés, République tunisienne), es un país soberano situado en el norte de África, más concretamente en la costa mediterránea. Su forma de gobierno es la república semipresidencialista. Su territorio está organizado en 24 gobernaciones o wilayat. La capital y, a su vez, la ciudad más poblada, es Túnez. Es el país más pequeño del Magreb, ubicado entre las estribaciones orientales de la cordillera montañosa del Atlas y el mar Mediterráneo. La superficie de Túnez es de 165 000 km², con una población estimada en 10,3 millones de habitantes. Aproximadamente el 40 % de este país está compuesto por el desierto del Sahara, mientras que el resto es suelo fértil y adecuado para la agricultura; además, tiene 1300 km de costa. Limita con Argelia al oeste y Libia al sureste."

"Tunisia (Arabic: ; Berber: ; French: Tunisie), officially the Tunisian Republic (Arabic: ; Berber: ) is the northernmost country in Africa, covering 165,000 square kilometres (64,000 square miles). Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11 million in 2014. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on Tunisia's northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its 1,300 kilometres (810 miles) of coastline includes the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, features the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Arabs conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottomans between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French conquest of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014."